Definition of 「曓」:
1. Same as "暴" (to be violent or sudden).
- From "Shuowen Jiezi" (Explaining Simple Characters, 王筠 edition): “曓 refers to urgent matters. It indicates the sharpness of a sun rising at dawn.”
- Note by Duan Yucai: “The original meanings and forms of 曓 and 暴 differ, but they are currently indistinguishable in written form.”
- Comment by Wang Yun: “Originally, 曓 signified timely urgent matters. It appears in the 'Yijing' (Book of Changes) as violent guests, and 'Zhou Li' (Rites of Zhou) references the prohibition on violence.”
- From "Guangyun" (Comprehensive Rhyme Dictionary): “暴 denotes invasion, suddenness, and urgency. It is also related to the concept of drying. According to 'Shuowen’, the character is referenced in a way that indicates urgency. Alternately, it is written as 㬥, which also relates to drying. Today, it commonly reads as暴.”
- Commentary by Zhou Zumo: “The character seen in ancient texts should actually be 曓.”
- From "Shangjun Shu" (Book of Lord Shang): “Due to war, violence comes first for three days.”
- From "Lüshi Chunqiu" (Annals of Lü Buwei): “Courage allows for decisive action; those who can act swiftly can unleash storms similar to thunder and torrential rain.”
- From "Liezi" (Liezi): “Those two are wicked; in life they indulge in desires, and in death, they receive the foolish 曓 moniker, which the actual situation is not defined by names.”
- From "Chunqiu Fanlu" (Spring and Autumn of Fanlu): “Some extravagance makes people resentful; others may suffer violent harm from thieves, ultimately, all lead to self-destruction.”